The Proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains.” praised and criticises in equal measure, the Communist manifesto is one of Karl Marx’s seminal works, a pamphlet of collected thoughts on communism that he co-authored with Friedrich Engels in 1848. Based on the notion that Class struggles and the exploitation of one Class by another are the basis of all history, The Communist manifesto was the foundational text for the European socialist and Communist parties in the 19th and 20th centuries. Opening with the dramatic words, “a spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of communism”, the Communist manifesto declares that feudal establishments would ultimately be overthrown by the working classes.
